Constant delivery vane pump



*cous'ivmr DELIVERY wma Puur Filed Dec. 22, 1939 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIE- Z .FIZ-5.1

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.Au.'1s.'194z. w. TUCKER- 2,293,369

CONSTANT DELIVERY VANS PUMP l Filed nec', 22, 1'939 esmas-shane .Jwvww WARREN R. TucKER,

` Patented 18, .1942

CONSTANT nELrvEav -vANE'ruMr `Warren R.. 'l'uckenDayton, Ohio, assigner to The Hydraulic Development Corp. ilnc., Wilmington, Del., a corporation o! Delaware ApplcatonDecelnbel' 2v2, 1939, Serial N0.l 31(),5l)3

12 (llallills.v (Cl. 103--121) This invention're'lates .to a constantdelivery vane pump and more particularly to such a vane pump in which the cylinder or ring which the yvanes contact is freely rotatable and therefore rotates with the rotor and vanes at substantially the same speed as that imparted to the rotor and vanes.

It is, accordingly, an object of the present inventionto provide aA constant delivery or displacement vane pump in which thecyllnder or ring is carried rotatably with the rotor.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a constant delivery pumpl wherein two members (commonly circular), one of which surrounds the other, are fixedly positioned ecl centrically with respect to-one another, wherein vanes carried by one of the members extend between these two members and form pumping chambers therebetween, and wherein both of the members are freely rotatable; power is applied to (or taken oi from in thecase where the pump'is viscosity of the oil in combination with the slight lngmoment of thegotor sha-ft and of the distribution sleevewlll Snot cause any binding betweenv the sleeve and the pump casing, but at the sametime the clearance is se small that a substantially if'luid-tightenga'gement is maintained, particu'- larly when pumping fluids such as oil, where the appear as the detailed description of' one embodiment of the present invention proceeds.

In `the accompanyingdrawings:

Fig. lis a vertical longitudinal section through a pump embodying the'principles of thepresent invention, taken on theline' I-l of Fig. 2,"look operated 4as a motor,v being supplied with fluid under pressure) that member which carries vthe vanes.

It is a still further object to provide a constant delivery vane type pump of the foregoing type wherein .the member which the vanes engage is rendered freely rotatable by its disposition asone race of an anti-friction bearinglsuch as. a roller or ball bearing.

It is another object to provide for porting and valving of a vane pump of the foregoing type whereby a useful pump is4 obtained.

' It is another object of this" invention to prowear. ,Additionally means is provided for acl-v justing the supporting bearingsfor this complete assembly and for simultaneously moving the rotor, its bearing assembly and the distribu= tion sleeve together so that one adjustment `will adjust all of thefoperating parts for wear.,

It is a further object of this invention to provide bearings for' supporting the shaft of the pump rotor, which bearings support the distribution sleeve in such a manner that the totaldiameter of the bearings is sufcint to support the distribution sleeve in spaced relationship to the casing -with a sumcient clearance that any benddevice.

oil being pumped. When the device is' usedV for ing in the direction of the arrows.

`, Fig, 2 is avertical transverse section taken on the line 2'-2 of Fig. 1, looking inthe direction of the arrows. Fig. 3 is-a vertical transverse section taken on A,the line 3--3 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged -fragmentary view, similar' to Fig.v 1, with the clearances between several of the parts greatly exaggerated for clarity.

In this specification and in the claims appended`4 hereto, while the term pump" will be employed,

this term is 'to be understood as including either I a pump in the true sense or .a uid motor since the device described herein may be employed as a pump by applying power to turn the rotor, or as a motor by supplying iluid under pressure to the It is also to be understoodthat while a hydraulic Vpumpis described, the pump of the present invention is applicable to the pumping of uids'other than liquids such as gases, as for example air or `mechanical refrigerants. When the device is used with oil as the hydraulic liquid, lubrication is automatically taken care of by the contact of the oil with working parts directly and by the normal unavoidable leakage ofthe oil to working parts not directly in contact with the pumping gas such as air,` suitable lubrication of the working parts'must be provided for.

Referring to the drawings in detail, reference numeral l designates the pump housing generally, this Ahousing comprising a circular portion 2 which encases the rotor and associated-parts and an end portion 3 integral therewith which encases the end of the shaft and the valvingmechanism and whichis provided integrally with the inlet directed.

and outlet conduits through which the working liquid'is supplied land removed. These conduits or passageways are designated as 4 and 5 and whether-a given conduitl 4 or 5 functions as suction or pressure side ofthe pump depends upon the' direction'of rotation of the rotor. For example, if the rotoris rotated in a direction clockl wise of Figs. 2 and 3 the upper conduit 4 will function as the suction or inlet side while the lower conduit will be supplied by the pump with fluid under pressure. In this description it will be assumed thatthe motor or other pump drivf ingmeans drives the rotor in the clockwise direction as indicated by the arrow on Fig. 2. The

f hand bearing 9 is likewise carried in the housing portion 3. These bearings 8 and 9 are oppositely Means is provided for taking up wear of bearings 8 and 9 by a single adjusting operation. This means takes the form of an adjusting member I I screw-threadedly received in the left-hand end of the casing portion 3 and which abuts against the outer race 29 of bearing 9 and is adapted to push this outer race inwardly and thereby take up slack in bearing 9 and thence through the inner race 30 of bearing 9, through the valving sleeve I2 which is xedly carried on shaft 1 which abuts against rotor 6, through the rotor 6, and through right hand side wall plate I3 which is flxedly carried on shaft 1 to the inner race 3l of bearing 8, thus taking up the slack in bearing 8 because its outer race 32 is fixedly held in end plate I8. Adjusting member II is provided with recesses .I4 for receiving a spanner f or rotating member II.v A detachable cap plate I5 may be carried in any suitable manner by casing portion 3 over the adjusting member I I.

Sleeve I2 has an integral flange'which functions as a left hand side wall I6 which cooperates with right hand side wall I3 in a manner which will presently appear to seal the pumping chambers.

Sleeve I2 and right hand side wall I3 are iixedly carried by shaft '1 and rotor 6 in any suitable mannerin close sealing relationship thereto, as illustrated in the drawings, by means of pins .I1, or in any other manner as ,by shrinking thereupon.

The rotor 6 is provided with a plurality (four) of equally angularly spaced radial slots within which tightly but slidably are disposed rectangular vanes I8 which have a thickness only very slightly less than the thickness of their receiving slots. The receiving slots have a depth at least equal to the width of the vanes I8. The vanes I8 are just slightly less in length than the distance between side walls I3 and I 6 so as to form a tight but slidable flt with the smooth inner faces of walls I3 and I6.

Surrounding rotor 6 and vanes I9 is the ring or cylinder I9 which is mounted rotatably as the inner race of a ballbearing having balls around and rollingly engaging ring I9 and an outer race 2| which is rollingly engaged with and surrounds balls 28 and which is stationarily mounted in any manner within the casing portion 2. Thus ring I9 rotates withrotor 6 vand vanes I8, being' drawn around at the same speed as rotor 6 by reason of the fact vthat the frictionalforce of engagement of vanes I8 with ring I9 is much greater than'the' sum ofthe rolling friction of ring I9 with balls20 and the rolling friction of balls 20 with race'2I- Thus ring I9 is held in eccentric relationshipv to'the rotor 6 but is free to rotate therewith. Ring I9 is of a width only slightly less thanf'the .distance between side walls I3 and I6 so as to slidably but tightly engage with the inner faces thereof, thus allowing the necessary slight relative movement between ring I9 and side walls I3` and I6 as rotation of the rotor takes place.

As a result of the construction so far described, vanes I8 form with rotor 6, ring I9 and side walls I3 and I6 closed expanding 'and contracting chambers, the upper chamber in Fig; 2 ,expanding to draw in fluid and the lower chamber contracting to compress or exert pressure on theA fluid. The horizontal intermediate chambers on each side of Fig. 2 exert substantially no pumping action and are sealed oil? while they are in the horizontal or substantially horizontal position in order to separate the pressure side of the pump from the inlet side and because they exert no pumping action as they pass through this position in which they are converted from suction to pressure chambers or vice versa. For example, the right-hand chamber in Fig. 2 is at a maximum volume and is undergoing a change from a suction to a pressure chamber whereas the lefth'and chamber is lat its minimum volume and is being converted from a pressure chamber to a suction chamber.

In order to valve the working chambers thus formed, rotor 6 is provided with ports 22 which lie intermediate the vanes and which extend radially inwardly and thence axially to the side of .the rotor where they communicate with ports 23 pose, housing portion 3 is formed internally th'e right-hand working chamber in Fig. 2 is sealed oil because its port 23 is passing projection 26 and the left-hand working chamber is sealedoi because its connecting port 23 is passing projection 21. The upper suction chamber is freely connected to pump inlet 4 while the lower pressure chamber is likewise connected freely to the pump outlet 5.

To prevent undue leakage of oil along sleeve I2 when oil is the medium pumped and `to provide an oil seal when gas is being pumped, a pair of oil grooves 28 are provided in the periphery of '4 rade 2|:

derstood that thel vanes I9 move radiallyl outaaoaaee y wardly under' the influence of centrifugal force as therotor 6 revolves, into engagement with ring |9 which they carry around with them. As ringV ls is thus carried grounds, slight shifting movement thereof relative to -the vanes occurs because of the eccentricity of the rotor and ring.

'The magnitude o f the resulting slight `friction is not to be compared,l however, with the friction which would result were ring I9 held' stationary."

\ In addition, there will be a small amount of friction between vanes I 8 'and the side walls I3 and I6 as they move inwardly or outwardly to `meet ring I9; but this friction is-not comparable with the friction which exists in the ordinary vane pump between the vanes and the 'stationary side walls. I

l From the foregoing description, yit will be apparent that the present invention provides a highly eiiicient constant delivery vane pump in whichthe sliding friction of the vanes on the ring and upon the sidewalls has been eliminated.

'ing ring-I9 is-substantially of zero'magnitude. VFig. 4 further illustrates that lthere is considerable clearance between the vouter race 2| and thehousing portion 2,'this clearance being greater than that provided between the sleeve |2 and the housing portion 3 because it is not lnecessary that the outer race 2| be huid-tightly sealed with respect tothe housing portion 2, it only being necessary that outer race 2| be free to move longitudinally upon adjustment of the pump bearings.

Fig. 4 further illustrates that the outer race of bearing 8 is very/tightly engaged with the cover plate III, that the inner races 3| and 3|). i

of bearings 8 and 9 very tightly engage the surface of the shaft'l, and that the outer race 29 of bearing 9 has-considerable clearance between it and the housing portion 3 so that it is free to move longitudinally during adjustment of the bearings to take up Wear. The clearance between the outer race 29 and the housing portion 3 being somewhat smaller than that between sleeve I2' and housing portion 3, ybecause it is llhe mechanism is simple and economical to ccnstruct and operates for long periods of time without undue necessity for adjustment or maintenance. When wear does occur in the shaft supporting bearings, it can readily b'e-taken up-by simple adjustment'of the single adjusting memy ber. It lwill further be seen that the pump of the v'present invention is adapted for advanta geous porting and valving in such, manner that the most eicientland eiIective operation results.

4It will be seen from the foregoing description 'that the `inner race or cylindrical ring I9 takes up the outward thrust ofthe vvanes I8 due to centrifugal force and transmit this thrust to the outer race 2| and thence to the pump housing It will further be seen-that the inner ring. I9

is positioned'longitudinally by the side wall I3 and the porting sleeve I2 which carries side wall I6, thewall I3 and the sleeve l2 being positioned longitudinally by the bearings 8 and 9. As bearings 8 and 9 are adjusted by the member the the ring-I9 is similarly moved slightly longitu` dinally and carries the outer race 2| slightly lonnot necessary or desirable that outer race 29 vfreely rotate, whereas, it is necessary thatsleeve plication of the generic inventive thought as applied to a `constant pump'. d

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to4 secure by Lettersv Patent is:

1. A constant delivery pump comprising a freelyrotatablering, a rotor therewithin, means connected with said rotor and extending between delivery or 'displacement I .said ring and said rotor for forming aplurality f relative to said ring, cylindrical means rotating gitudinally since race 2| is free to move longiu tudinally in housing portion`2, although' it will `be retained against rotation because its frictional engagement with the housing portion 2 is somuch greater than the-rolling friction of the ring I9 and rolling elements 2u with thel outer therealong is prevented vand yet this sleeve I2 isslidable within this housing portion 3 andis free from binding therein even though a consid-- erable force tending to cause binding be exerted by the pump'mechanism; as for example, when" n pumping extremely viscous liquids whichI might generatev forces of suiiicient magnitude to causel binding -between these parts.` f

` a freely movablel and laterally adjustable bearing with said rotor and containing ports communicating rwith said chambers and extending tothe periphery of said .cylindrical means, angularly spaced arcuate collecting zones surrounding said vof the 'periphery of said cylindrical means arid for sealing at least one of said ports as it passes said sealing means.

2.;In a pump, a pump housing comprising a pumpingchamber and inlet and discharge pasl` sageways, a rotor slidably mounted in said housing transverse to said inlet and discharge passageways, said rotor having a plurality of radially disposed centrifugallyoperated pumping vanes freely mounted therein between ports in said rotor communicating with the pumping chamber and with said inlet arid discharge passageways,

assembly interposed between the interior of said casing and the exterior of said vanes in said Fig. 4 Vfurther illustrates the fact :that there l is no clearance between the sleeve I2 and the `shaft 1 and the rotor 6 and that 'the clearance pumping chamber and adapted to engage with and limit the outward movement of said vanes, bearing means at each end of said rotor, and means operable from the outside of the housing for adjusting lsaid Vbearing means so as to adjust said rotor'and bearing means together with said bearing assembly' transversely of said pump,

said bearingv `means comprising opposed oppositely disposed tapered'roller bearings the inner races of which are adapted to engage with the sides of said rotor as well as the rotor shaft.

3. In a pump, a casing having ya pumping chamber and inlet and discharge passageways, a rotor having a shaft transversely arranged with respect to said casing, a plurality of centrifugally p operated, `freely movable vanes in said rotor, a bearing assembly surrounding said vanes between the ends thereof and the'interior of said casing, a distribution sleeve mounted on said rotor adapted-to control the inlet and exit of uid from the pump in association with the .rotorA and rotating with it, means on each end of the shaft of said rotor comprising tapered roller bearings for supporting said rotor in said distribution sleeve, said tapered roller bearings being so arranged as to support said distribution sleeve in spaced relationship with respect to said casing,

rotor, a bearing assembly surrounding said vanes.

between the ends thereof and the interior of said casing, a distribution sleeve rigidly connected with said rotor and adapted to control the inlet and exit of fluid from the pump in association with the rotor, means on each end of the shaft of said rotor comprising tapered roller bearings for supporting said rotor and said distribution sleeve, said tapered roller bearings being so arranged as to support said distribution sleeve in spaced relationship Withrespect to said casing, but soclose thereto as to'provide a substantially Huid-tight engagement without mechanical .bindp ing of said distribution sleeve with vsaid casing,

said tapered roller bearingarotor, its bearing assembly, and distribution sleeve being capable of adjustment, and means for adjusting said tapered roller bearings to simultaneously adjust laterally said rotor, its bearing assemblyand the distribution sleeve.

5. A vanejpump comprising in combinationa rotor,` a plurality of radially disposed pumping vanes slidably mounted in said rotor, a pump casing including a fluid inlet and fluid outlet, an anti-friction bearing having its outer raceway mounted for adjustment in longitudinal direction of said casing .while the inner race of said bearing is adapted to limit lthe outward movement of said vanes, andslightly to move relatively theref to, said rotor being adjustably mounted in said vcasing and having passageways adapted successively to communicate with said fluid inlet and outlet and being provided with flange portions movable independently of said inner race and forming therewith and with said rotor and vanes pressure and suction chambers respectively com,- municating with said passageways, adjustably mounted tapered roller bearings on each side of said flange portions for supporting the rotor. and adjusting means adjacent one of said roller bearings and adapted simultaneously to adjust said tapered roller bearings, said anti-friction bearing and said rotor.

6. In combination in a vane pump, a casing having a iiuid inlet and outlet, a rotor journalled at both ends in said casing and having radial passageways therein and also lateral passageways therein communicating with said radial passageways@ valve shaft surrounding aportion of said rotor andbeing 'rigidly connected thereto, said valve shaft'being provided with radial passageways continuously communicating with the lateral passageways in said rotor irrespective of the pressure in said pump and adapted alternately to communicate with said fluid inlet and outlet, .means associated with said casing for controlling said alternating communication between said iiuid inlet and outlet and said passageways in said valve shaft, a ring surrounding said rotor and being eccentrically positioned with respect thereto, a plurality'of vanes slidably mounted in' and extending outwardly from `said rtoninto frictional engagement with said ring, and a pair of spaced annular wall members rigidly connected to said valve shaft and said rotor, respectively, and confining with said rotor together with said vanes and said ring pressure and suction chambers continuously in hydraulic connection with said passageways in said rotor.

7. In combination in a Vane pump, a casing having a uid inlet and outlet, a rotor rotatable Within said casing, anti-friction bearing means 'with an outer race longitudinally slidable in said casing and with an inner race spaced from but surrounding a portion of said rotor, a plurality ofA vanes reciprocably connected in said rotor and extending between said rotor and said inner race, spaced Wall members` rigidly connected to said rotor and confining with the latter together with the vanes and said inner race suction and pressure chambers, a plurality of passageways in said rotor for respectively connecting said suction and pressure chambers with said uid inlet and outlet, additional bearing means adjacent each end of said rotor for supporting said rotor in said casing said additional bearing means being adjustable for wear upon axial motion of a portion thereof, and means for adjusting said rotor and said additional bearing means as a unit in 'longitudinal direction of said rotor to take up wear of said additional bearing .means and to facilitate the assembly of said pump.

8. A constant delivery pump comprising a rotor, a bearing encircling said rotor and com- .prising an inner and an outer race and rolling elements disposed therebetween,'vanes extending between said rotor and said inner race, spaced wall members rigidlyl connected to said rotor and forming therewith and with said vanesand said inner racechambers, ahousing for said outer race,.said housing having fluid inlet and outlet ports for said chambers, a valve including ported means associated with said rotor so as to rotate, therewith for providing communication between said chambers formed by said rotor,-spaced Wall members, vanes andinner race and said inlet and outlet ports, and means carried by said housing 'for valving said ported means.

9. A constant delivery pump comprising a rotor,'a bearing encircling said rotor and comprising an inner and an outer race and rolling elements disposed therebetween, spaced wall members rigidly connected to said rotor, a plurality of vanes extending between said rotor and said inner race and forming suction and pressure chambers with said inner race, with said side walls and with said rotor, a housing for said outer race, a sleeve rotatable with said rotor, said housing defining with sa'id sleeve a pairof y aaoasee lvspaced collecting spacespsaid sleeve having passageways continuously communicating with said chambers and adapted to communicate with said collecting spaces, saidv passageways extending to the periphery of said sleeve, and means in sliding engagement `withsaicl vsleeve for controlling iluid connection between said passageways and said collecting spaces.

In a pump. a pump housing comprising a pumping chamber and inlet and discharge passageways, a rotor slidably mounted in said housing transverse to said inlet and discharge pas-f sageways, said rotor having a plurality of ra dlally disposed centriiugally operated pumping vanes freely'mounted therein, ports in said rotor communicating lwith the pumping chamber and with said inlet and discharge passageways, said vanes located `between said ports, a freely movable and laterally adjustable bearing assemblyl interposed between the in terior'oi!` said casing supporting the same in said casing, a sleeve surandthe exterior oi' said vanes in said 'pumping chamber and adapted to engage with and limit y the outward movement of said vanes, oppositelyv directed tapered: anti-friction bearings for sup- I porting both ends oi' said rotan-the outer races. oi' said anti-friction bearings being supported" by said housing and the inner races of said antifriction bearings being supported by said rotor,

and means adjustable from the outside of said housing and engaging one of said anti-'friction bearings for eiiecting adjustment o'f .said antifriction bearings as well as oi' said bearing assembly. v 11. In combination in a yvane pump, a casing having a fluid inlet and outlet, a rotor rotatable within said casing and having a plurality of vanes reciprocably mounted therein, antifrlction bearings adjacent each end of said rotor'for rounding a portion of said rotor and being rigidly connected thereto, said sleeve beingmovable in said casing with a clearance greater than `the clearance between the outer races of said bearings and the adjacent surface of said casing and having a plurality of radial passageways for alternately communicating with said inlet and rounding a portion of said rotor and being rigidly connected thereto, said sleeve being movable in said casing with a clearance greater than' the clearance between the outer races of said roller bearings and the adjacent surface of said casing and having a plurality of radial passageways for alternately communicating .with said inlet and outlet, ,a plurality of chambers located within the casing and radial vanes separating said chambers from each otherV said chambers connected with said passageways, a pair of annular groovesy on the periphery of said sleeve andrespectively located on each side of saidlinlet and j outlet, and adjusting means adjacent one of said bearings and operable to adjust both roller' bearings as a unit.

WARREN a. TUCKER. 

